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Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876
The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876, also known as the The Japan-Korea Treaty of Amity in Japanese or Treaty of Ganghwa Island in Korean, was made between representatives of the Empire of Japan and the Joseon Kingdom in 1876.〔Chung, Young-lob. (2005). ; excerpt, "''... the initial opening of Korea's borders to the outside world came in the form of the Korea-Japan Treaty of Amity (the so-called Ganghwa Treaty)''."〕 Negotiations were concluded on February 26, 1876.〔Korean Mission to the Conference on the Limitation of Armament, Washington, D.C., 1921-1922. (1922). ; excerpt, "Treaty between Japan and Korea, dated February 26, 1876."〕
==Background==
After the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, European nations began to colonize many other nations in Africa and Asia under the political ideology known as Imperialism. Almost all of Africa was colonized by European Powers; most of Central, South and Southeast Asia including India were taken over by various European nations. East Asia also was invaded by foreign powers, beginning with the First Opium War (18391842) and Second Opium War (18561860) against China fought by Britain and other western powers; China's empire was reduced to a half-colonized territory. Meanwhile, the American Asiatic Squadron under the leadership of Matthew C. Perry forced Japan to open its ports to the western world in 1854.
Humiliated by unequal treaties and the prospect of losing its independence and integrity to imperialist powers, Japan embarked on a rapid transformation, successfully turning itself from a medieval society into a modern industrialized state.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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